What is IIH?
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension also known is associated with raised fluid pressure inside the brain. The fluid that cushions the brain is called cerebrospinal fluid. It can cause severe daily headaches and visual problems. It may be associated with hormonal problems and intake of some medicines. It is commonly misdiagnosed as it may present with migraine symptoms. It can cause permanent blindness due to the raised brain pressure pressing on the nerves supplying the eye. It is more common in overweight women.
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Treatments
The majority of people will have medical treatment for IIH with daily medications. Surgical intervention is usually only undertaken in severe cases:
Lumboperitoneal (LP) Shunt
This surgery involves diverting excess CSF by inserting a catheter into the subarachnoid space around the patient's waist and into the peritoneum.
Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt
This surgery involves diverting excess CSF by inserting a catheter into a lateral ventricle down through the neck and into the peritoneum.
Optic Nerve Fenestration
In this procedure, the sheath surrounding the optic nerve is slit, or a 'window' cut into the sheath to relieve the pressure on the nerve and allow the CSF to escape.
Venous Sinus Stenting
A stent is placed within the venous sinus and dilated which can result in the reduction of pressure.